3. PRINCIPLES OF LEADS AGAINST NT
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(   i) Normally lead fourth best of the longest suit

(  ii) Lead from weak 4-carder like J8xx,K7xx,Q9xx,KQxx,KJxx is undesirable.

( iii) Lead from AQxx is undesirable but from AQxxx very desirable

(  iv) Holding more than one entry, lead the longest suit even if it is weak. 
       eg. Lead D holding   Axxx   xx  Qxxxx   Ax

(   v) Between a 4-card major holding tenace and a weak minor, lead a minor
       eg. Lead C holding Qx  KJxx  xx Jxxxx

(  vi) Between strong 4-card major and weak minor, lead the major
       eg. Lead S holding QJ109  xx Qxxxx xx

( vii) Between weak 4 card major and weak four card minor, lead the suit
       which has better strength.
       eg. Lead C from Qxxx xxx  xx Q108x

(viii) Between top of a sequence 4 carder and tenace 4 carder or weak 4 carder,
       lead top of sequence.
       eg. Lead H from
                xxx  J1098 xx  KJxx             or
                Qxxx 1098x  xx  xxx

(  ix) With a poor hand with no entries, lead a doubleton or tripleton hoping
       it is partner's suit. Between a doubleton and a tripleton, prefer
       tripleton. eg Lead S holding 109x  10xxxx xx  xxx

(   x) With a good hand but with tenaces, prefer a harmless lead of a 
       doubleton. i.e. make a 'passive lead'.
       eg. Lead C holding K10x  Jxxx AQ10x  109

(  xi) Lead a suit, even if it is bid by opponents, if it can develop tricks.
       eg. Lead C holding
           xx    Q10xx  xx  QJ109x
          Kxx    xx     Axx KJ9xx

( xii) If partner has bid suit:
      (a) lead partner's suit, even if singleton, if you have no good suit of 
          your own. eg. lead S, partner's suit, holding
          10  xxxx   xxxx  xxxx


      (b) lead your suit, even with a weak hand, if the suit is good and you
          have a singleton in partner's suit.
          eg. lead H, if your partner has bid S holding
                    x  QJ10xx  xxxx   xxx

      (c) lead partner's suit, if holding an honor, in preference to your own
          fair five carder, eg. lead S(partner's suit) holding
                Qxx QJxxx xxx  xx
 
      (d) lead your own suit, if it is very good, even holding an honor in 
          partner's suit. eg. lead H first and then switch to S if necessary
          holding  Qxx KQJxx xxx xx

(xiii) If partner has doubled a NT contract:
       (a) it demands lead of partner's suit even if holding a singleton and 
           your own good suit. eg. Lead S (partner's suit) and not H from:
              x KQJxx xxx xxxx

       (b) it demands lead of the suit bid by you and promises an honor in that
           suit. eg. lead S(bid by you) and not H holding:
                KJxxx KQJx Ax xx

       (c) If both you and your partner have bid suits, use your judgement

       (d) If neither you nor your partner has bid a suit, double suggests (does
           not command) lead of first suit bid by dummy. You may lead your own
           suit if it is a good suit.

( xiv) Between two suits of equal strength, lead the suit headed by a lower 
       honor to retain the higher honor of the second suit as an entry.
       lead H with A10xxx Q10xxx Kx x
       lead S and not a H with A10xxx J10xxx Kx x 

(  xv) Between 2 suits, when headed by less than an A, lead the suit headed by
       highest honor, holding the other suit as a stopper. eg. lead S holding
       K97xx Q97xx Kx x

( xvi) Between two fair suits, one major and one minor, lead the major as 
       opponents don't appear to have a biddable major. eg. lead S holding
       Q9xx Qx Q10xx Kxx

(xvii) From suits headed by AK or AKJ lead 4th best, even if it 6 carder

(xviii)From suit headed by AK, lead 4th best even if it is seven carder but
       from AKJ,AK10 seven carder with only AK seven carder, play A if partner
       is not likely to have an entry as shown by the bidding.