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This chapter describes the commands used to configure Internet Packet Exchange (IPX) routing, such as IPX static routes, Routing Information Protocol (RIP), and Service Advertising Protocol (SAP) services.
To determine the status of a specified IPX node, use the ipxping command.
IPxping ADdress net:node | SErver server_name| net:node | The IPX address of the node in network node format. |
| server_name | Name of the server. |
None
System mode
If the server_name is used in the ping, and the name cannot be resolved from the local SAP table, the following error message displays: 'Server name unresolved, try its net:node'. Use the server's IPX address in net:node format instead.
The IPX ping feature allows you to determine if the specified IPX node is alive and reachable. Cisco 700 series routers only generate Novell IPX format ping packets; however, the router responds to both Novell IPX and Cisco IPX ping packets. A response by Cisco 700 series routers to Novell IPX ping packets generates a response in Novell IPX format. A response by Cisco 700 series routers to Cisco IPX ping packets generates a response in Cisco IPX format. If a Novell NetWare server is pinged, that server must be running the IPXPING.NLM to respond to the ping. This NLM (NetWare Loadable Module) is part of an IPX Upgrade (IPXRTR.EXE) to NetWare servers.
The following example illustrates the usage of IPX ping:
Host> ipxping ad d00000: 40f9babe54
The ping uses an IPX address as its argument.
Host> ipxping se coyote
The netware server name coyote is used as an argument.
To delete an existing IPX filter, use the reset ipx filter command.
REset IPX FIlter filterid | All| filterid | Clears the IPX filter identified by the number the router used when the filter was created with the set ipx filter command. |
| all | Clears all IPX filters. |
None
Profile mode
The following example deletes an IPX filter with the identification number 8 from user-defined profile 2503:
Host:2503> reset ipx filter 8
The following example deletes all IPX filters from user-defined profile 2503:
Host:2503> reset ipx filter all
set ipx filter
show ipx filter
To disable the IPX default route's functionality (reset default gateway to "none"), use the reset ipx gateway command.
REset IPX GAteway| This command has no arguments. |
None
System mode
The following example disables the IPX default route functionality:
Host> reset ipx gateway
set ipx gateway
To delete one or all static IPX routes for a profile, use the reset ipx route command.
REset IPX ROute ALl | DEstination netnum GAteway=net:nodeNone
Profile mode
The following example deletes all ipx routes for a profile:
Host> reset ipx route all
set ipx route
To disable the functionality of IPX SAP helper, use the reset ipx sap helper command.
REset IPX SAp HElper| This command has no arguments. |
None
System mode
Use this command to reset the address of the IPX SAP helper to "none."
The following example disables the functionality of IPX SAP helper:
Host> reset ipx sap helper
To delete one or all static IPX service routes for a profile, use the reset ipx service command.
REset IPX SErvice ALl | NAme=service-name TYpe=service-type| all | Deletes all static IPX service routes for the profile. |
| name service-name | Name of the service. |
| type service-type | Service type of the entry. This is a hexadecimal number. Table 7-1 the set ipx service command lists examples of service types. |
None
Profile mode
Use this command while in profile mode.
The following example deletes all service routes for a profile:
Host:2503> reset ipx service all
To set an IPX filter, use the set ipx filter command.
SEt IPX FIlter SAp INput [NAme = ascii string] [TYpe = type range] [SOcket = socket range] ACcept | BLock| name | An ASCII string. Wild cards (*) are accepted at the beginning or the end of the string. |
| type | Novell IPX service type. The type range can be:
· a-b (from type a to type b) · a+ (from type a and above) · a (only type a) |
| socket | Novell IPX socket number. The type range (or socket range) can be:
· a-b (from type a to type b) · a+ (from type a and above) · a (only type a) |
| accept | Service is permitted. |
| block | Service is denied. |
No filter configured.
Profile mode
Cisco 700 series router software Release 4.1(1) and higher only support the filtering of incoming SAP response packets. This filtering scheme controls which services are added to the router's SAP table. The user can specify filters-per-type range, service name or socket range. Before a service is added to the SAP table, the service type socket number for the service is checked against the existing filters. If the type and socket ranges match any of the existing filters, service is permitted or denied per the specification in the action field of the filter.
If no filter matches the incoming service and any of the filter actions are accept, the service is blocked. The service is accepted only if none of the filters has accept action. There is no maximum number of SAP filters. The number is limited to the size of NVRAM. You can create as many filters as you want, until you run out of NVRAM.
The following example sets the IPX SAP filter in the user-defined profile 2503:
Host:2503> set ipx filter sap input name=*eng type=300+ socket 4000-7fff block
reset ipx filter
show ipx filter
To set the frame type used by your IPX network, use the set ipx framing command.
SEt IPX FRaming EThernet_II | 802.3 | 802.2 | SNap | NOneFraming is the process of inserting start and stop signals before and after data being transmitted. These framing elements delimit the data. They allow the receiver to determine the sender timing, because the duration of the start bit indicates the bit interval size used by the sender.
A framing error occurs when the receiver incorrectly identifies the start and stop signals, or the framing, in a transmission.
None (IPXCP)
Profile mode
The following example sets the frame type to IPXCP for profile 2503:
Host:2503> set ipx framing none
To set the default IPX route, use the set ipx gateway command.
SEt IPX GAteway net:node USer username| net:node | The host address of the next hop to which packets will be forwarded. |
| username | The profile name. A profile name can be 1 to 8 characters. Names are case sensitive only when displayed. The name of the profile is used for the interface connection, through which the packets are forwarded. Can be internal profile, LAN profile, or any existing user profile. |
None
System mode
IPX default routes are supported using the set ipx gateway command. IPX packets are routed to the default gateway if no learned or static route can be found for the destination in the routing table (assuming a default gateway is set and a connection interface exists). The default route is also returned in response to a RIP request, if no route for the network is found. IPX routing must be turned on for a specific profile, for default routing to be activated.
The following example sets the IPX gateway route for this host address:
Host> set ipx gateway 00002: 40f9123456 user 2503
To specify whether NetBIOS (Type 20) packets are forwarded on to a profile, use the set ipx netbios command.
SEt IPX NETBios ACcept | BLockblock
Profile mode
The following example sets the profile 2503 to forward NetBIOS packets on to the LAN:
Host:2503> set ipx netbios accept
To set the IPX network address for a profile connection, use the set ipx network address command.
SEt IPX NETWorkaddress network number| network number | Number of the IPX network to which this profile connects. This is an eight-digit hexadecimal number that uniquely identifies a network segment. It can be a number in the range of 1 to FFFFFFFD.
A network number of 0 causes the router attempt to learn the network address from incoming packets. |
The default IPX network address is 0
Profile mode
The following example sets the IPX network number for profile 2503:
Host:2503> set ipx networkaddress 3AAA
To set whether RIP packets are received, use the set ipx rip receive command.
SEt IPX RIp REceive ON | OFf| on | RIP and SAP packets are received. |
| off | RIP and SAP packets are not received on the interface. |
on (enabled)
System or profile mode
Entering this command while in profile mode applies the RIP receive parameters to that profile connection.
The following example configures the connection for profile 2503 to block RIP packets:
Host:2503> set ipx rip receive off
To set up the snapshot client parameters for a given profile, use the set ipx rip snapshot client command.
SEt IPx RIp SNapshot Client ACtive minutes QUiet minutes UPdate ON | OFf| minutes | The number of minutes for the active period during which routing information is exchanged or the quiet period when no routing information is exchanged. |
| update on | Configures the client to send routing information when it enters the active period. |
| update off | Configures the client to wait until the active period for the periodic update to send the routing information. |
Not configured
Profile mode
Entering this command sets up the client snapshot parameters for a given profile. These values will be used when the set ipx rip update command is set to snapshot.
The following example shows the configuration of profile user 1 as a snapshot client that has an active period of 10 minutes, a quiet period of 60 minutes, and sends routing information when it enters the active period:
Host> cd user1 Host> cd user1 set ipx rip snapshot client act 10 quiet 60 update on
set ipx rip update
To set up the snapshot server parameters for a given profile, use the set ipx rip snapshot server command.
SEt IPX RIp SNapshot SErver ACtive minutes UPdate ON | OFfNot configured
Profile mode
Entering this command sets up the server snapshot parameters for a given profile. These values will be used when the set ipx rip update command is set to snapshot.
The following example shows the configuration of profile user 1 as a snapshot server that has an active period of 10 minutes, a quiet period of 60 minutes, and sends routing information when it enters the active period.
Host> cd user1 Host> cd user1 set ipx rip snapshot server act 10 update on
set ipx rip update
To specify when Routing Information Protocol (RIP) and Service Advertisement Protocol (SAP) packets will be sent, use the set ipx rip update command.
SEt IPX RIP UPdate=PEriodic | DEmand | SNapshot | OFfPeriodic
Profile mode
The following example disables IPX RIP and SAP packets for profile 2503:
Host:2503> set ipx rip update off
To enter a static router in a profile RIP table, use the set ipx route command.
SEt IPX ROUTE DEstination=netnum [GAteway net:node] [HOps=hops] [COst=ticks]No static IPX routes are configured.
Profile mode
To improve performance, only the services defined in Novell IPX Router Specification 107-000029-001 are supported, and a maximum of 400 IPX route entries and 200 good IPX SAPs are allowed. If you need larger route and SAP entries, software Release 4.0(1) supports set ipx sap helper and set ipx route commands.
The following example sets the ipx route to network 150, with four hops between the source and the destination router:
Host: 2503> set ipx route destination 150 gateway 160:0040F90F5623 hops 4
set ipx sap helper
To enable or disable IPX routing for a profile interface, use the set ipx routing command.
SEt IPX ROUTIng ON | OFfon | Enables IPX routing for the profile interface. |
|---|---|
| off | Disables IPX routing for the profile interface. |
Off (disabled)
Profile mode
The following example enables IPX routing for profile 2503:
Host:2503> set ipx routing on
To set Service Advertisement Protocol (SAP) helper, use the set ipx sap helper command. The router forwards the "Get Nearest Service" and "Get General SAP" request packet to a specific node.
SEt IPX SAp HElper net:node| net:node | The host address to which the "Get Nearest Service" and "Get General Service" SAP packets are forwarded. |
None
System mode
When a SAP Helper is set, all the SAP Get Nearest Server service request packets received by the router are forwarded to the helper as unicast packets. The router does not look through its own SAP table to try to answer the request.
To improve performance, only the services defined in Novell IPX Router Specification 107-000029-001 are supported, and a maximum of 400 IPX route entries and 200 good IPX SAPs are allowed in the internal table of the router. Use this command if this limit is exceeded.
The following example sets the host address to which a SAP packet is forwarded:
Host> set ipx sap helper 3BBBB:C87965
set ipx route
To add a static SAP in the router, use the set ipx service command:
SEt IPX SErvice NAme=service-name TYpe=service-type ADdress=net:node:socket [HOps=hops]| name service-name | Name of the service destination; a 48-byte object name assigned to the server. The service name combined with the service type uniquely identifies a server on a network. |
| type service-type | Service type of the route; a hexadecimal number. Table 7-1 lists examples of service types. |
| address net: node:socket | The address of the host on which the service resides. The address must be in the following format:
· Network--Destination network number in the form of an eight-digit hexadecimal number that uniquely identifies a network segment. It can be a number in the range 1 to FFFFFFFD. · Node--MAC address of the host or server. · Socket--The software structure serving as the communications endpoint on the network device. |
| hops | Number of routers across which packets will be forwarded when being routed to the service. |
No service routes are configured.
Profile mode
Table 7-1 lists some sample IPX SAP types. For more information about SAP types, contact Novell.
| Service Type (Hexadecimal) | Description |
|---|---|
| 0 | All SAP services; IPX defines server type 0 to be an unknown service. |
| 1 | User |
| 2 | User group |
| 3 | Print server queue |
| 4 | File server |
| 5 | Job server |
| 7 | Print server |
| 9 | Archive server |
| A | Queue for job servers |
| 21 | NAS SNA gateway |
| 2D | Time Synchronization VAP |
| 2E | Dynamic SAP |
| 47 | Advertising print server |
| 4B | B trieve VAP 5.0 |
| 4C | SQL VAP |
| 7A | TES--NetWare for VMS |
| 98 | NetWare access server |
| 9A | Named Pipes server |
| 9E | Portable NetWare--UNIX |
| 111 | Test server |
| 166 | NetWare management (Novell's Network Management Station [NMS]) |
| 26A | NetWare management (NMS console) |
| FFF | Wildcard (any SAP service) |
The following example enables IPX service for profile 2503:
Host:2503> set ipx service name
To enable or disable spoofing for IPX watchdog packets, use the set ipx spoofing command. Spoofing is used to prevent unnecessary packets from being transmitted across the ISDN line.
SEt IPX SPoofing minutes | OFfCisco IOS software allows the router to respond to a server's Watchdog requests on behalf of a remote client. This process is called NCP or IPX spoofing. Benefits of IPX spoofing include:
When using IPX spoofing, NetWare servers are lead to believe that a session is still active when it is not. When the number of IPX or SPX sessions are limited, this can cause connectivity problems by denying logins to legitimate users.
minutes | Enables IPX spoofing for an idle ISDN connection for a specified number of minutes. The range is 1 to 32,000 minutes. |
|---|---|
| off | Disables IPX spoofing. |
Off (disabled)
Profile mode
IPX routing must be enabled for any profile on which you wish to enable spoofing.
The following example enables spoofing for one hour on the profile LAN:
Host:LAN> set ipx spoofing 60
set ipx routing
To display IPX configurations for one or all profiles, use the show ipx configuration command.
SHow IPX COnfig [ALl]| all | Displays IPX configurations for all profiles. |
None
System or profile mode
Use this command while in profile mode to display IPX configurations for that profile. Use this command in system mode to display IPX configurations for all profiles.
The following example shows the output from the show ipx configuration all command:
Host> show ipx config all
Profile Routing Frame NetNum Updates RX Spoof(min) NetBios
------------------------------------------------------------------
6544 ON IPXCP 0 DEMAND ON 0 BLOCK
Internal ON 802.3 C0A86400 PERIODIC ON 0 BLOCK
Table 7-2 describes the fields shown in the show ipx configuration display.
To display information about all IPX connections, use the show ipx connections command.
SHow IPX CONNectionsThis command has no arguments or keywords.
None
System or profile mode
This command will display information about all connections when used in system mode or in profile mode.
The following example shows the output from the show ipx connections command:
2865_66> sh ipx connections Conn #Chan Routing Address InPkts OutPkts InErr OutErr -------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 0 ON 0:40F9001859 2139 12532 0 0 INT 1 ON C0A86400:40F9001859 17914 141 0 0 2865_66>
Table 7-3 describes the fields shown in the display.
To display IPX RIP and SAP packet statistics, use the show ipx demand command.
SHow IPX DEmandThis command has no arguments or keywords.
None
Use this command in system mode for testing purposes.
The following example shows the output from the show ipx demand command:
Host> sh ipx demand IPX Demand Statistics Input Requests 0 Output Requests 3 Input Acks 1400 Output Acks 12 Input Response Pkts 12 Output Response Pkts 10312 Input Fragments 12 Output Fragments 12626 Reassembly Retries 1 Reassembly Timeouts 0 Retransmit Retries 986 Retransmit Timeouts 112 Pkt Too Short 0 Duplicate Fragment 0 Bad Fragment Count 0 Bad Fragment Number 0 Bad Sequence Number 726 Timer Failure 0
To show the IPX filters, use the show ipx filter command.
SHow IPX FIlterNone
System or profile mode
When in profile mode, this command displays IPX filters for the profile. When in system mode, this command displays IPX filters for all profiles.
The following example shows the IPX filter:
Host> show ipx filter
ID Function Type Action Addresses
------------------------------------------------
1 INPUT SAP ACCEPT Type: 1-20 Socket: 451+
2 INPUT SAP BLOCK Type: 30
Host>
set ipx filter
reset ipx filter
To display the current snapshot parameters, use the show ipx rip snapshot command.
SHow IPX RIp SNapshot [ALl]| all | Displays current snapshot parameters for all profiles. |
None
System or profile mode
The following example shows the output from the show ipx rip snapshot command:
Host> show ipx rip snapshot Host> Host> show ipx rip snapshot Profile Snapshot Active Quiet Update State ------------------------------------------------------------------- LAN NONE 0 0 OFF 3274 SERVER 5 0 ON QUIET gold CLIENT 5 3 ON QUIET
Table 7-4 describes snapshot parameters field descriptions.
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
| Profile | The profile to which the parameters apply. |
| Snapshot | Specifies whether snapshot is Off (none) or is acting as a client or a server for this connection. |
| Active | The active period in minutes. |
| Quiet | The quiet period in minutes. |
| Update | Can be On or Off. Update On configures the client or server to send routing information as soon as it enters the active period. Update Off configures the client or server to wait for the periodic update to send the routing information after it enters the active period. |
| State | There are four states: pre-active, active, post-active, and quiet. |
To display the value set for the default IPX routes, use the show ipx route command.
SHow IPX ROute [ALl]
| all | Displays IPX routing tables for all profiles. |
None
System or profile mode
The following example shows the output from the show ipx route command used in system mode:
Host> sh ipx route
246 IPX Routes
Destination Gateway Conn Hops Time Flags
------------------------------------------------------------
C0A82108 C0A86400:0C61E701 INT 10 17 3
C0A821C0 C0A86400:0C61E701 INT 9 17 3
011300 C0A86400:0C61E701 INT 8 11 3
7240 C0A86400:0C61E701 INT 8 11 3
7568 C0A86400:0C61E701 INT 8 10 3
960130 C0A86400:0C5FDB01 INT 9 12 3
941128 C0A86400:0C5FDB01 INT 11 14 3
7040 C0A86400:0C5FDB01 INT 8 10 3
7060 C0A86400:0C5FDB01 INT 8 10 3
7528 C0A86400:0C61E701 INT 8 10 3
7578 C0A86400:0C61E701 INT 8 10 3
7560 C0A86400:0C61E701 INT 8 10 3
Table 7-5 shows the fields displayed with the show ipx route command.
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
| Destination | Route's destination network address. |
| Gateway | Route's next hop. |
| Conn | Route's connection number assigned by the router when the connection is established. |
| Hops | Number of routers to the destination network. |
| Time | Number of ticks to the destination network. |
| Flags | Internal flags (used for troubleshooting). |
To display IPX SAP information, use the show ipx service command.
SHow IPX SErvice ALlThis command has no arguments or keywords.
None
System or profile mode
If the show ipx service command is issued in profile mode, enter all. If the show ipx service command is issued in system mode, do not enter all.
The following example is an output from the show ipx service command in system mode:
Host> show ipx service all Type Conn Hops Time Address Name ------------------------------------------------------ 4 LAN 4 0 AB455F4C:01:0451 ABU-ENG 4 LAN 4 0 AB455F4A:01:0451 ABU-BKUP 4 LAN 6 0 32595D76:01:0451 ARUN-SVR 4 LAN 6 0 2F759A7F:01:0451 CS_LAB_1 4 LAN 7 0 A12CC033:01:0451 CONE 4 LAN 7 0 A12CC034:01:0451 CRIPPEN 4 LAN 7 0 960130:01:0451 CASCADE 4 LAN 7 0 A12CC016:01:0451 CRASH2 4 LAN 7 0 ABCD:01:0451 FS3 4 LAN 7 0 941128:01:0451 FINANCE 4 LAN 7 0 101112:01:0451 FS2 4 LAN 7 0 A12C4800:08002B30948B:0451 GOONEY 4 LAN 7 0 931118:01:0451 HOBO 4 LAN 8 0 2FB3AA75:01:0451 HRIS 4 LAN 7 0 A12C4800:F802517D:0451 HQ 4 LAN 6 0 30E9DF65:01:0451 IJLAB41 <Q> and <enter> to Quit or <enter> for MORE
Table 7-6 shows the fields displayed by the show ipx service command.
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
| Type | IPX service type |
| Conn | Connection number (assigned by the router) of the service route |
| Hops | Number of routers to the service |
| Time | Time (in ticks) to the service |
| Address | Network and node address of the service |
| Name | Service name |
To display IPX, IPX RIP, and IPX SAP statistics, use the show ipx statistics command.
SHow IPX STatisticsThis command has no arguments or keywords.
None
System mode
The following example shows the output from the show ipx statistics command:
Host> show ipx statistics
IPX Statistics
Input Packets Total 20594 Output Packets 13021
Packets Forwarded 3 Output Errors 0
Packets No Route 364 Bad NetBIOS Packets 0
Packets Dropped 636 Packet Hops Exceeded 0
Packets Filtered 0 Packets TooShort 0
Input Packets: SAP:16183 RIP:2558 IPX:0 SPX:0
NCP:0 NETBIOS:850 IPXWAN:0RIP Input Requests 63 Output Requests 0
RIP Input Responses 2384 Output Responses 145
RIP Packets Filtered 0 Packets TooShort 0
SAP Input Packets 16189 SAP Output Packets 0
SAP Packets Filtered 0 SAP Packets TooShort 0
SAP Table Entries 154 Lock Failed 0
SAP Entries Added 522 Service Down Entries 368
SAP Entries Modified 193 Entries Timed Out 0
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