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This chapter lists dial-on-demand routing (DDR) commands, explains the command syntax, and provides usage guidelines. For information about configuring DDR and for configuration examples, refer to the "Configuring DDR" chapter in the Wide-Area Networking Configuration Guide.
To define how much time should elapse before a secondary line status changes after a primary line status has changed, use the backup delay interface configuration command. To return to the default, so that as soon as the primary fails, the secondary is immediately brought up without delay, use the no form of this command.
backup delay {enable-delay | never} {disable-delay | never}| enable-delay | Number of seconds that elapse after the primary line goes down before the Cisco IOS software activates the secondary line. |
| disable-delay | Number of seconds that elapse after the primary line comes up before the Cisco IOS software deactivates the secondary line. |
| never | Prevents the secondary line from being activated or deactivated. |
0 seconds
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
For environments in which there are spurious signal disruptions that may appear as intermittent lost carrier signals, we recommend that you enable some delay before activating and deactivating a secondary line.
The following example sets a 10-second delay on deactivating the secondary line (interface serial 0); however, the line is activated immediately:
interface serial 0 backup delay 0 10
To configure an interface as a secondary or dial backup, use the backup interface interface configuration command. To disable this feature, use the no form of this command.
backup interface type number| type number | Interface type and port number to use as the backup interface. |
| slot | Slot number of the ATM Interface Processor (AIP) interface. |
| port | Port number. |
Disabled
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 11.0.
The interface you define with this command can back up only one other interface.
The following example sets serial 1 as the backup line for serial interface 0:
interface serial 0 backup interface serial 1
To set a traffic load threshold for dial backup service, use the backup load interface configuration command. To return to the default value, use the no form of this command.
backup load {enable-threshold | never} {disable-load | never}| enable-threshold | Percentage of the primary line's available bandwidth that the traffic load must exceed to enable dial backup. |
| disable-load | Percentage of the primary line's available bandwidth that the traffic load must be less than to disable dial backup. |
| never | Sets the secondary line never to be activated due to traffic load. |
No threshold is predefined.
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
When the transmitted or received load on the primary line is greater than the value assigned to the enable-threshold argument, the secondary line is enabled.
The secondary line is disabled when one of the following conditions occurs:
If the never keyword is used instead of an enable-threshold value, the secondary line is never activated because of traffic load. If the never keyword is used instead of a disable-load argument, the secondary line is never activated because of traffic load.
The following example sets the traffic load threshold to 60 percent of the primary line serial 0. When that load is exceeded, the secondary line is activated, and will not be deactivated until the combined load is less than 5 percent of the primary bandwidth.
interface serial 0 backup load 60 5 backup interface serial 1
To create a script that will place a call over a modem, use the chat-script global configuration command. To disable the specified chat script, use the no form of this command.
chat-script script-name expect-send| script-name | Name of the chat script. |
| expect-send | Content of the chat script. |
No chat scripts are defined.
Global configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
Chat scripts are used in dial-on-demand routing (DDR) to give commands to dial a modem and commands to log on to remote systems. The defined script will be used to place a call over a modem.
Some characteristics of chat scripts are as follows:
We recommend that one chat script (a "modem" chat script) be written for placing a call and another chat script (a "system" or "login" chat script) be written to log on to remote systems, where required.
A suggested chat script naming convention is as follows:
vendor-type-modulationIf you follow this convention, the syntax of the chat-script command becomes the following:
chat-script vendor-type-modulation expect-sendFor example, if you have a Telebit T3000 modem that uses V.32bis modulation, you would name your chat script as follows:
telebit-t3000-v32bis
The chat-script command could become the following:
chat-script telebit-t3000-v32bis ABORT ERROR ABORT BUSY ABORT "NO ANSWER" "" "AT H" OK "AT DT \T" DIALING \c TIMEOUT 30 CONNECT \c
For example, you could have script names like the following:
Adhering to this naming convention allows you to use partial chat script names with regular expressions to specify a range of chat scripts that can be used. This capability is particularly useful for dialer rotary groups and is explained further in the next section.
Chat scripts are in the form expect-send, where the send string following the hyphen (-) is executed if the preceding expect string fails. Each send string is followed by a return unless it ends with the escape sequence \c. The sequence ^x is translated into the appropriate control character, and the sequence \x is translated into x if \x is not one of the special sequences listed in Table 8.
See the book entitled Managing uucp and Usenet by Tim O'Reilly and Grace Todino for more information about chat scripts.
The escape sequences used in chat scripts are listed in Table 8.
| Escape Sequence | Description |
|---|---|
| " " | Expect a null string. |
| EOT | Send an end-of-transmission character. |
| BREAK | Cause a BREAK. This sequence is sometimes simulated with line speed changes and null characters. May not work on all systems. |
| \c | Suppress new line at the end of the send string. |
| \d | Delay for 2 seconds. |
| \K | Insert a BREAK. |
| \n | Send a newline or linefeed character. |
| \p | Pause for 1/4 second. |
| \r | Send a return. |
| \s | Send a space character. |
| \t | Send a table character. |
| \\ | Send a backslash (\) character. |
| \T | Replaced by phone number. |
| \q | Reserved, not yet used. |
Sample supported expect-send pairs are described in Table 9.
| Expect and Send Pair | Function |
|---|---|
| ABORT string | Designates a string whose presence in the input indicates that the chat script has failed. |
| TIMEOUT time | Sets the time to wait for input, in seconds. The default is 5 seconds. |
For example, if a modem reports BUSY when the number dialed is busy, you can indicate that you want the attempt stopped at this point by including ABORT BUSY in your chat script.
If you use the expect-send pair ABORT SINK instead of ABORT ERROR, the system terminates abnormally when it encounters SINK instead of ERROR.
After the connection is established and you press the Return key, you must often press Return a second time before the prompt appears.
For example, you might include the following as part of your chat script:
ssword:-/r-ssword
This part of the script specifies that, after the connection is established, you want ssword to be displayed. If it is not displayed, you must press Return again after the timeout passes.
The following example shows the chat-script command being used to create a chat script named t3000:
chat-script t3000 ABORT ERROR ABORT BUSY ABORT "NO ANSWER" "" "AT H" OK "AT DT \T" DIALING \c TIMEOUT 30 CONNECT \c
To clear the values of dialer statistics for one or more serial interfaces or Basic Rate Interfaces (BRIs) configured for DDR, use the clear dialer privileged EXEC command.
clear dialer [interface type number]| interface | (Optional) Indicates that one interface will be specified. |
| type | (Optional) Interface type, either async, serial, or bri. |
| number | (Optional) Interface number. |
| slot/port | (Optional) On the Cisco 7000 series, specifies the slot and port numbers. |
Privileged EXEC
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 11.0.
If the interface keyword and the arguments are not used, dialer statistics are cleared on all interfaces.
The following example clears the dialer statistics on serial interface 1:
clear dialer interface serial 1
To end the quiet period on a client router within two minutes, use the clear snapshot quiet-time EXEC command.
clear snapshot quiet-time interface| interface | Interface type and number. |
EXEC
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.3.
The clear snapshot quiet-time command places the client router in a state to reenter the active period within 2 minutes. The 2-minute hold period ensures a quiet period of at least 2 minutes between active periods.
The following example ends the quiet period on dialer interface 1:
clear snapshot quiet-time dialer 1
To configure caller ID screening, use the dialer caller interface configuration command. To disable this feature, use the no form of this command.
dialer caller number| number | Telephone number for which to screen. Specify an x to represent a single "don't-care" character. The maximum length of each number is 25 characters. |
Disabled
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 11.0.
This command configures the Cisco IOS software to accept calls from the specified number.
Caller ID screening is available on Cisco 7000 series, Cisco 4000 series, Cisco 3000 series, and Cisco 2500 series that have dialer interfaces.
The maximum length of each number is 25 characters.
The following example configures a router or access server to accept a call with a delivered caller ID equal to 4155551234:
dialer caller 4155551234
The following example configures a router or access server to accept a call with a delivered caller ID having 41555512 and any numbers in the last two positions:
dialer caller 41555512xx
To enable DDR on an interface and specify that the serial line is connected by non-V.25bis modems using Electronic Industries Association (EIA) signaling only--the data terminal ready (DTR) signal--use the dialer dtr interface configuration command. To disable dial-on-demand routing (DDR) for the interface, use the no form of this command.
dialer dtrThis command has no keywords or arguments.
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
A serial interface configured for DTR dialing can place calls only; it cannot accept them.
When a local interface is configured for DTR dialing, the remote interface (that will be receiving the calls) can be configured for in-band dialing or not configured for anything but encapsulation, depending on the desired behavior. If the remote interface is expected to terminate a call when no traffic is transmitted for some time, it must be configured for in-band dialing (along with access lists and a dummy dialer string). If the remote interface is purely passive, no configuration is necessary.
Rotary groups cannot be configured for DTR dialing.
The dialer map and dialer string commands have no effect on DTR dialers.
The following example enables DDR and specifies DTR dialing on an interface:
dialer dtr
dialer in-band
dialer map
dialer string (legacy DDR)
To set the length of time an interface stays down after a call has completed or failed and before it is available to dial again, use the dialer enable-timeout interface configuration command. To return to the default value, use the no form of this command.
dialer enable-timeout seconds| seconds | Time in seconds that the Cisco IOS software waits before the next call can occur on the specific interface. Acceptable values are positive, nonzero integers.
This value must be greater than the serial pulse interval for this interface, set via the pulse-time command. |
15 seconds
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
This command applies to inbound and outbound calls.
If your phone lines are often busy or down, you might want to enforce a certain period of time before the system repeats an attempt to make a connection with a remote site. Configuring this timeout can prevent outgoing lines and switching equipment from being needlessly overloaded.
The following example specifies a waiting period of 30 seconds on interface async 1:
interface async 1 dialer enable-timeout 30
To specify the amount of time that a line for which there is contention will stay idle before it is disconnected and the competing call is placed, use the dialer fast-idle interface configuration command. To return to the default value, use the no form of this command.
dialer fast-idle seconds| seconds | Idle time, in seconds, that must occur on an interface before the line is disconnected. Acceptable values are positive, nonzero integers. |
20 seconds
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
The dialer fast idle timer is activated if there is contention for a line. The dialer fast idle timer is activated if a line is busy, a packet for a different next hop address is received, and the busy line is required to send the competing packet.
If the line becomes idle for configured length of time, the current call is disconnected immediately and the new call is placed.
If the line has not yet been idle as long as the fast idle timeout period, the packet is dropped because there is no way to get through to the destination. After the packet is dropped, the fast idle timer remains active and the current call is disconnected as soon as it has been idle for as long as the fast idle timeout.
The fast idle timer will be restarted if, in the meanwhile, another packet is transmitted to the currently connected destination and it is classified as interesting.
This command applies to inbound and outbound calls.
Combining this command with the dialer idle-timeout command allows you to configure lines to stay up for a longer period of time when there is no contention, but to be reused more quickly when there are not enough lines for the current demand.
The following example specifies a fast idle timeout of 35 seconds on interface async 1:
interface async 1 dialer fast-idle 35
dialer idle-timeout (interface configuration)
dialer map
To specify the fast idle timer value to use when placing a call to any telephone number associated with a specified class, use the dialer fast-idle map-class dialer configuration command. To reset the dialer fast-idle timer to the default, use the no form of this command.
dialer fast-idle seconds| seconds | Number of seconds to wait before placing a different call. |
Defaults to the fast idle timer value set for the interface.
Map-class dialer
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
The dialer string class command defines the map class associated with the dial string and interface.
This fast idle timer is associated only with the map class, not the entire interface.
dialer string 4156884540 class Eng ! This map-class ensures that these calls use an ISDN speed of 56 kbps. map-class dialer Eng isdn speed 56
dialer string (dialer profiles)
To control access by configuring an interface to belong to a specific dialing group, use the dialer-group interface configuration command. To remove an interface from the specified dialer access group, use the no form of this command.
dialer-group group-number| group-number | Number of the dialer access group to which the specific interface belongs. This access group is defined with the dialer-list command. Acceptable values are nonzero, positive integers between 1 and 10. |
No access is predefined.
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
An interface can be associated with a single dialer access group only; multiple dialer-group assignment is not allowed. A second dialer access group assignment will override the first. A dialer access group is defined with the dialer-group command. The dialer-list command associates an access list with a dialer access group.
Packets that match the dialer group specified trigger a connection request.
The following example specifies dialer access group number 1.
The destination address of the packet is evaluated against the access list specified in the associated dialer-list command. If it passes, either a call is initiated (if no connection has already been established) or the idle timer is reset (if a call is currently connected).
interface async 1 dialer-group 1 access-list 101 deny igrp 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 access-list 101 permit ip 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 dialer-list 1 list 101
To allow interesting outgoing packets to be queued until a modem connection is established, use the dialer hold-queue interface configuration command. To disable the hold queue, use the no form of this command.
dialer hold-queue packets| packets | Number of packets, in the range 0 to 100 packets, to hold in the queue. This argument is optional with the no form of the command. |
The outgoing packet queue is disabled.
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
A dialer hold queue can be configured on any type of dialer, including in-band synchronous, asynchronous, data terminal ready (DTR), and Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) dialers. Rotary groups can be configured with a dialer hold queue. If a rotary group is configured with a hold queue, all members of the group will be configured with a dialer hold queue and no individual member's hold queue can be altered.
If no hold queue is configured, packets are dropped during the time required to establish a connection.
The following command configures a dialer hold queue to hold 10 packets:
dialer hold-queue 10
To specify the idle time before the line is disconnected, use the dialer idle-timeout interface configuration command. To reset the idle timeout to the default, use the no form of this command.
dialer idle-timeout seconds| seconds | Idle time, in seconds, that must occur on the interface before the line is disconnected. Acceptable values are positive, nonzero integers. |
120 seconds
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
This command is used on lines for which there is no contention. When contention occurs, the dialer fast-idle command is activated. For example, when a busy line is requested to send another packet to a different destination than it is currently connected to, line contention occurs and the dialer fast-idle command is activated.
This command applies to inbound and outbound calls. For example, if a receiving system needs to make outgoing calls, you might configure it with a short idle timeout.
Only packets that match the dialer group reset the idle timer.
Use the dialer idle-timeout command to set a very high idle timer when multilink PPP is configured and you want a multilink bundle to be connected indefinitely. (The dialer-load threshold 1 command no longer keeps a multilink bundle of n links connected indefinitely and the the dialer-load threshold 2 command no longer keeps a multilink bundle of 2 links connected indefinitely.)
The following example specifies of an idle timeout of 3 minutes (180 seconds) on interface async 1:
interface async 1 dialer idle-timeout 180
dialer fast-idle (interface configuration)
dialer-group
To specify the idle time before the calls in this map class are disconnected, use the dialer idle-timeout map-class dialer configuration command. To reset the idle timeout to the default, use the no form of this command.
dialer idle-timeout seconds| seconds | Idle time, in seconds, that must occur on an interface associated with a map class before calls are disconnected. Acceptable values are positive, nonzero integers. |
Defaults to a value set for the interface.
Map-class configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
The dialer string class command defines the map class associated with the dial string and interface.
The following example sets a dialer idle-timeout interval of 180 seconds:
dialer idle-timeout 180
dialer string (dialer profiles)
To specify that dial-on-demand routing (DDR) is to be supported, use the dialer in-band interface configuration command. To disable DDR for the interface, use the no form of this command.
dialer in-band [no-parity | odd-parity]| no-parity | (Optional) Indicates that no parity is to be applied to the dialer string that is sent out to the modem on synchronous interfaces. |
| odd-parity | (Optional) Indicates that the dialed number has odd parity (7-bit ASCII characters with the eighth bit as the parity bit) on synchronous interfaces. |
Disabled. By default, no parity is applied to the dialer string.
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
The dialer in-band command specifies that chat scripts will be used on asynchronous interfaces and V.25bis will be used on synchronous interfaces. The parity keywords do not apply to asynchronous interfaces.
The parity setting applies to the dialer string that is sent out to the modem. If you do not specify a parity, or if you specify no parity, no parity is applied to the output number. If odd parity is configured, the dialed number will have odd parity (7-bit ASCII characters with the eighth bit as the parity bit.)
If an interface only accepts calls and does not place calls, the dialer in-band interface configuration command is the only command needed to configure it. If an interface is configured in this manner, with no dialer rotary groups, the idle timer never disconnects the line. It is up to the remote end (the end that placed the call) to disconnect the line based on idle time.
The following example specifies DDR for asynchronous interface 1:
interface async 1 dialer in-band
dialer map
dialer string (legacy DDR)
To specify the bit rate used on the B channel associated with a specified map class and to specify whether to set up semipermanent connections for this map class, use the dialer isdn map-class configuration command.
dialer isdn [speed speed] [spc]| speed speed | (Optional) Bit rate, in kilobytes per second (Kbps), used on the ISDN B channel. Values are 56 and 64. Default is 64. |
| spc | (Optional) Specifies that an ISDN semipermanent connection is to be used for calls associated with this map class. |
Bit rate is 64 Kbps. Semipermanent connections are not set up.
Map-class dialer configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 11.2.
This command is valid for ISDN interfaces only.
The following example configures a speed of 56 Kbps and no semipermanent connections for the Eng map class:
dialer string 4156884540 class Eng ! This map-class ensures that these calls use an ISDN speed of 56 kbps and that ! no semipermanent connection is set up. map-class dialer Eng isdn speed 56
dialer string (dialer profiles)
To apply an access list to a specified dialer group (and thus to specify which packets can initiate a dialed call), use the dialer-list list global configuration command. To remove a prior association between an access list and the dialer group, use the no form of this command.
dialer-list dialer-group list access-list-number| dialer-group | Number of a dialer access group identified in any dialer-group interface configuration command. |
| access-list-number | Access list number specified in any IP or Novell IPX access lists, including Novell IPX extended service access point (SAP) access lists and bridging types. See Table 10 for the supported access list types and numbers. |
No dialer list group is defined.
Global configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
The dialer-list list command applies access lists to dialer groups to control dialing using DDR. This command applies access lists to the dialer groups that are defined with the dialer-group command.
To specify additional protocols and access control with a finer granularity, see the dialer-list protocol command.
Table 10 lists the access list types and numbers that the dialer-list list command supports.
| Access List Type | Access List Number Range |
|---|---|
| Standard IP | 1-99 |
| Extended IP | 100-199 |
| Transparent Bridging | 200-299 |
| Standard Novell IPX | 800-899 |
| Extended Novell IPX | 900-999 |
Dialing occurs when an interesting packet (one that matches access list specifications) needs to be output on an interface. Using the standard access list method, packets can be classified as interesting or uninteresting.
In the following example, Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP) Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) routing protocol updates are not classified as interesting and do not initiate calls:
access-list 101 deny igrp 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0
The following example classifies all other IP packets as interesting and permits them to initiate calls:
access-list 101 permit ip 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255
Then the following command places list 101 into dialer access group 1:
dialer-list 1 list 101
dialer-group
dialer-list protocol
To define a DDR dialer list to control dialing by protocol or by a combination of protocol and access list, use the dialer-list protocol global configuration command. To delete a dialer list, use the no form of this command.
dialer-list dialer-group protocol protocol-name {permit | deny | list access-list-number || dialer-group | Number of a dialer access group identified in any dialer-group interface configuration command. |
| protocol-name | One of the following protocol keywords: appletalk, bridge, clns, clns_es, clns_is, decnet, decnet_router-L1, decnet_router-L2, decnet_node, ip, ipx, vines, or xns. |
| permit | Permits access to an entire protocol. |
| deny | Denies access to an entire protocol. |
| list | Specifies that an access list will be used for defining a granularity finer than an entire protocol. |
| access-list-number | Access list numbers specified in any DECnet, Banyan VINES, IP, Novell IPX, or XNS standard or extended access lists, including Novell IPX extended service access point (SAP) access lists and bridging types. See Table 11 for the supported access list types and numbers. |
| access-group | Filter list name used in the clns filter-set and clns access-group commands. |
No dialer lists are defined.
Global configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0. The list command and access-list-number and access-group arguments first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.3.
The various no forms of this command have the following effects:
The dialer-list protocol form of this command permits or denies access to an entire protocol. The dialer-list protocol list form of this command provides a finer permission granularity and also supports protocols that were not previously supported.
The dialer-list protocol list form of this command applies protocol access lists to dialer access groups to control dialing using DDR. The dialer access groups are defined with the dialer-group command.
Although the dialer-list list command is still supported for IP, IPX, DECnet, AppleTalk, XNS, and bridging, the new dialer-list protocol list command should be used for all protocols. The dialer-list protocol list command is supported for all those protocols and also for Banyan VINES and International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Connectionless Network Service (CLNS).
Table 11 lists the access list types and numbers that the dialer-list protocol list command supports. The table does not include ISO CLNS because that protocol uses filter names instead of predefined access list numbers.
| Access List Type | Access List Number Range (decimal) |
|---|---|
| AppleTalk | 600-699 |
| Banyan VINES (standard) | 1-100 |
| Banyan VINES (extended) | 101-200 |
| DECnet | 300-399 |
| IP (standard) | 1-99 |
| IP (extended) | 100-199 |
| Novell IPX (standard) | 800-899 |
| Novell IPX (extended) | 900-999 |
| Transparent Bridging | 200-299 |
| XNS | 500-599 |
Dialing occurs when an interesting packet (one that matches access list specifications) needs to be output on an interface. Using the standard access list method, packets can be classified as interesting or uninteresting. In the following example, IGRP TCP/IP routing protocol updates are not classified as interesting and do not initiate calls:
access-list 101 deny igrp 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0
The following example classifies all other IP packets as interesting and permits them to initiate calls:
access-list 101 permit ip 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255
Then the following command places list 101 into dialer access group 1:
dialer-list 1 protocol ip list 101
In the following example, DECnet access lists allow any DECnet packets with source area 10 and destination area 20 to trigger calls:
access-list 301 permit 10.0 0.1023 10.0 0.1023 access-list 301 permit 10.0 0.1023 20.0 0.1023
Then the following command places list 301 into dialer access group 1:
dialer-list 1 protocol decnet list 301
In the following example, both IP and VINES access lists are defined. The IP access lists define IGRP packets as uninteresting, but permits all other IP packets to trigger calls. The VINES access lists do not allow Routing Table Protocol (RTP) routing updates to trigger calls, but allow any other data packets to trigger calls.
access-list 101 deny igrp 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 access-list 101 permit ip 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 ! vines access-list 107 deny RTP 00000000:0000 FFFFFFFF:FFFF 00000000:0000 FFFFFFFF:FFFF vines access-list 107 permit IP 00000000:0000 FFFFFFFF:FFFF 00000000:0000 FFFFFFFF:FFFF
Then the following two commands place the IP and VINES access lists into dialer access group 1:
dialer-list 1 protocol ip list 101 dialer-list 1 protocol vines list 107
In the following example, a Connectionless Network Service (CLNS) filter is defined and then the filter is placed in dialer access group 1:
clns filter-set ddrline permit 47.0004.0001.... ! dialer-list 1 protocol clns list ddrline
A dagger (+) indicates that the command is documented outside this chapter.
access-list +
clns filter-set +
dialer-group
dialer-list list
vines access-list +
To configure bandwidth on demand by setting the maximum load before the dialer places another call to a destination, use the dialer load-threshold interface command. To disable the setting, use the no form of this command.
dialer load-threshold load [outbound | inbound | either]| load | Interface load used to determine whether to initiate another call or to drop a link to the destination. This argument represents a utilization percentage; it is a number between 1 and 255, where 255 is 100%. |
| outbound | (Optional) Calculates the actual load using outbound data only. |
| inbound | (Optional) Calculates the actual load using inbound data only. |
| either | (Optional) Sets the maximum calculated load as the larger of the outbound and inbound loads. |
No maximum load is predefined.
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
This command applies to dialer rotary groups only.
When the cumulative load of all UP links(a number n) exceeds the load threshold the dialer adds an extra link and when the cumulative load of all UP links minus one (n - 1) is at or below load threshold then the dialer can bring down that one link. The dialer will make additional calls or drop links as necessary but will never interrupt an existing call to another destination.
The argument load is the calculated weighted average load value for the interface; 1 is unloaded and 255 is fully loaded. The load is calculated by the system dynamically, based on bandwidth. You must set the bandwidth for an interface in kilobits per second, using the bandwidth command.
The load calculation determines how much of the total bandwidth you are using. A load value of 255 means that you are using one hundred percent of the bandwidth. The load number is required.
See the "Interface Commands" chapter in the Configuration Fundamentals Command Reference for a full description of the bandwidth command.
When multilink PPP is configured, the dialer-load threshold 1 command no longer keeps a multilink bundle of n links connected indefinitely and the the dialer-load threshold 2 command no longer keeps a multilink bundle of 2 links connected indefinitely. If you want a multilink bundle to be connected indefinitely, you must set a very high idle timer.
In the following example, if the load to a particular destination on an interface in dialer rotary group 5 exceeds interface load 200, the dialer will initiate another call to the destination:
interface dialer 5 dialer load-threshold 200
A dagger (+) indicates that the command is documented outside this chapter.
bandwidth +
interface dialer
dialer rotary-group
To configure a serial interface or Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) interface to call one or multiple sites, use a form of the dialer map interface configuration command; all options are shown in the first form of the command. To delete a particular dialer map entry, use a no form of this command.
dialer map protocol next-hop-address [name hostname] [spc] [speed 56 | 64] [broadcast]To configure a serial interface or ISDN interface to place a call to multiple sites and to authenticate calls from multiple sites, use the second form of the dialer map command:
dialer map protocol next-hop-address [name hostname] [spc] [speed 56 | 64] [broadcast]To configure a serial interface or ISDN interface to support bridging, use the third form of the command:
dialer map bridge [name hostname] [spc] [broadcast] [dial-string[:isdn-subaddress]]To configure an asynchronous interface to place a call to a single site that has no modem script assigned or that requires a system script, or to multiple sites on a single line, on multiple lines, or on a dialer rotary group, use the fourth form of the dialer map command:
dialer map protocol next-hop-address [name hostname] [broadcast] [modem-scriptNo dialer map is configured. The default speed is 64 kbps. No scripts are defined for placing calls.
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
Use the dialer map command with the name keyword in configurations in which remote sites are calling a central site, but the central site is not calling the remote site. With this command, the local device will authenticate the remote site using Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) or Password Authentication Protocol (PAP), which will transmit the remote site's host name to the central site. The central site will then use this name to authenticate the caller, and will use the next hop address to transmit packets to the remote site. Because there is no dialer string specified, the central site cannot call the remote router.
Use the dialer map command with the name keyword in configurations in which remote sites are calling a central site, but the central site is not calling the remote site. With this command, the local device will authenticate the remote site using CHAP or PAP, which will transmit the remote site's host name to the central site. The central site will then use this name to authenticate the caller, and will use the next hop address to transmit packets to the remote site. Because there is no dialer string specified, the central site cannot call the remote router.
For ISDN interfaces only, you can specify an optional speed parameter for dialer map commands if you also specify a dial string. This option informs the ISDN software whether it should place a call at 56 or 64 kbps. If you omit the ISDN speed parameter, the default is 64 kbps.
For routers with ISDN interfaces, if calling line identification (CLI)--also known as caller ID and ANI--is provided, the hostname field may contain the number that calling line ID provides.
Specify chat scripts for a physical interface that is not part of a dialer rotary group if no chat script is specified for the line, or if an additional (system) chat script is required to log on to the remote system.
Configure a dialer map command for each remote destination for that interface.
You do not need to specify a system script under the following conditions:
If you adhere to the chat script naming convention suggested in the description of the chat-script command, use the form [modem-script *modulation-type] in the dialer map command; for example, .*-v32bis. This form allows you to specify the modulation type that is best for the system you are calling, and allows the modem type for the line to be specified by the script dialer command.
The period (.) is a wildcard that matches any character, and the asterisk (*) indicates that the preceding character can be duplicated multiple times. For more information about regular expressions, see the "Regular Expressions" appendix in the Access Services Command Reference.
If a modem script is specified in the dialer map interface configuration command and a modem script specified in the script dialer line configuration command, the first chat script that matches both is used. If no script matches both, an error message is logged and the connection is not established. If there is no modem chat script specified for the line, the first chat script (that is, the one specified in the chat-script global configuration command) that matches the modem script's regular expression is used. If there is a system script specified in the dialer map interface configuration command, the first chat script to match the regular expression is used.
The modem-script and system-script keywords and corresponding arguments are optional. They are ignored on synchronous interfaces.
If you have named your chat script according to the type of modem and modulation (for example, codex-v32 or telebit v32), your regular expression could be codex-.* in the script dialer line configuration command, and *-v32bis in the modem script specified in the dialer map command for a system that you wish to connect to using V.32bis modulation.
The modem lines (specified by the argument regexp in the script dialer line configuration command) would be set to one of the following regular expressions to match patterns, depending on the kind of modem you have:
With an interface configured for Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) or Password Authentication Protocol (PAP) and configured with the name hostname keyword and argument pair, the local device authenticates the remote site using CHAP, which transmits the remote site's host name to the central site. The central site then uses this name to authenticate the caller and uses the next hop address to transmit packets to the remote site. Because no dialer string is specified, the central site cannot call the remote router.
For routers with ISDN interfaces, if calling line identification (CLI)--also known as caller ID and ANI--is provided, the hostname field can contain the number that calling line ID provides.
In the following example, the dialer speed is set at 56 kbps to call a remote site at 131.108.2.5:
interface async 1 encapsulation ppp ppp authentication chap dialer map ip 131.108.2.5 speed 56
The following example shows a dialing chat script and a login chat script. The dialer in-band command enables DDR on asynchronous interface 10, and the dialer map command looks for the specified dialing and the login scripts and then uses those scripts to dial 96837890.
chat-script dial ABORT ERROR "" "AT Z" OK "ATDT \T" TIMEOUT 30 CONNECT \c
chat-script login ABORT invalid TIMEOUT 15 name: billw word: wewpass ">"
"slip default"
interface async 10
dialer in-band
dialer map ip 10.55.0.1 modem-script dial system-script login 96837890
In the following example, the remote site is calling the central site, and the central site is calling the remote site. The central router can use the name ZZZ to authenticate the remote router when they connect and also can use the dialer string 14155553434 to call the remote router if it is not currently connected.
interface async 1 dialer map ip 131.108.2.5 name ZZZ 14155553434
In the following example, a remote site is calling a central site, but the central site is not calling the remote site. The local device will authenticate the site that is calling in using CHAP. CHAP will cause the remote site's name, YYY, to be transmitted to the site it is calling. The central site will then use this name to authenticate the remote site.
interface async 1 encapsulation ppp ppp authentication chap dialer map ip 131.108.2.5 name YYY
A dagger (+) indicates that the command is documented outside this chapter.
chat-script
ppp authentication chap +
ppp authentication pap +
username +
To define a dialer map for Cisco's snapshot routing protocol on a client router connected to a DDR interface, use the dialer map snapshot interface configuration command. To delete one or more previously defined snapshot routing dialer maps, use the no form of this command.
dialer map snapshot sequence-number dial-string| sequence-number | A number in the range from 1 to 254, inclusive, that uniquely identifies a dialer map. |
| dial-string | Telephone number of a remote snapshot server to be called during an active period. |
No snapshot routing dialer map is defined.
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.3.
Enter a command for each remote snapshot server router the client router should call during an active period.
Use the no dialer map snapshot form of this command to remove all previously defined snapshot dialer maps on the client router; use the no dialer map snapshot sequence-number form of this command to delete a specified dialer map.
The following examples define snapshot dialer maps on a client router:
dialer map snapshot 12 4151231234 dialer map snapshot 13 4151231245
The following example removes one of the previously defined snapshot routing dialer maps on the client router:
no dialer map snapshot 13
dialer rotary-group
interface dialer
snapshot client
To specify, for a dialer profile, the maximum number of calls to a remote destination that can be up at any one time, use the dialer max-calls interface configuration command.
dialer max-calls number| number | Maximum number of calls that can be up to a destination, in the range 1 through 255. Default is 255 calls. |
255 calls
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 11.2.
This command applies to dialer interfaces only.
This command is used mainly to set the maximum number of calls below the maximum possible.
The following example sets a maximum of six calls that can be open concurrently:
dialer max-calls 6
dialer isdn
dialer string (dialer profiles)
To specify, for a dialer interface, which dialing pool to use to connect to a specific destination subnetwork, use the dialer pool interface configuration command.
dialer pool number| number | Dialing pool number, in the range 1 through 255. |
Disabled. No default number is specified.
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 11.2.
This command applies to dialer interfaces only.
The following example shows a dialer interface configuration that is linked to the physical interface configuration shown for BRI 1 in the dialer pool-member command section. Dialer interface 1 uses dialer pool 3, of which BRI 1 is a member.
! This is a dialer profile for reaching remote subnetwork 1.1.1.1. interface Dialer1 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 encapsulation ppp dialer remote-name Smalluser dialer string 4540 dialer pool 3 dialer-group 1
The following example might accompany the previous dialer profile configuration example. Physical interface BRI 1 has a reserved channel in dialer pool 3. That channel is inactive until BRI 1 uses it to place calls.
interface BRI1 encapsulation ppp dialer pool-member 1 priority 50 dialer pool-member 2 priority 50 ! BRI 1 has a reserved channel in dialer pool 3; the channel remains inactive ! until BRI 1 uses it to place calls. dialer pool-member 3 min-link 1 ppp authentication chap
dialer pool-member
dialer remote-name
To configure a physical interface to be a member of a dialing pool, use the dialer pool-member interface configuration command.
dialer pool-member number [priority priority] [min-link minimum] [max-link maximum]Disabled. When enabled, no default dialing pool number is assigned; the default value of priority, and minimum is 0; the default value of maximum is 255.
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 11.2.
This command applies to asynchronous serial, synchronous serial, BRI, and PRI physical interfaces only. It does not apply to dialer interfaces.
The common number used in the dialer pool command and in the dialer pool-member command links the physical interface and dialer interface configurations together.
The min-link keyword and value are used primarily for dial backup.
This following example shows the configuration of one ISDN BRI interface to be a member of dialer pool 2 with priority 100:
interface BRI2 encapsulation ppp dialer pool-member 2 priority 100 ppp authentication chap
In the following example, BRI physical interface configuration BRI 1 has a reserved channel in dialer pool 3. That channel is inactive until BRI 1 uses it to place calls.
interface BRI1 encapsulation ppp dialer pool-member 1 priority 50 dialer pool-member 2 priority 50 ! BRI 1 has a reserved channel in dialer pool 3; the channel remains inactive ! until BRI 1 uses it to place calls. dialer pool-member 3 min-link 1 ppp authentication chap
To set the priority of an interface in a dialer rotary group, use the dialer priority interface configuration command. Use the no form of the command to revert to the default setting.
dialer priority number| number | Priority of an interface in a dialer rotary group; the highest number indicates the highest priority. This is a number from 0 through 255. The default value is 0, the lowest priority. |
No priority is predefined. When priority is defined, the default value is 0.
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
This command is meaningful only for interfaces that are part of dialer rotary groups.
The value 0 indicates the lowest priority, and 255 indicates the highest priority. The dialer priority command controls which interfaces within a dialer rotary group will be used first. Higher priority interfaces (configured with higher n value) are used first.
The dialer priority command gives you the ability to tell the dialer rotary group which free interface (and, for asynchronous interfaces, by extension which modem) to use first. This command applies to outgoing calls only.
For example, a router or access server might have a selection of many modems, some of which are better performers than others. You might have a 19.2-kbps, two 4800-bps, three 1200-bps, and one 300-bps modem on interfaces in one dialer rotary group. You do not want the router or access server to make the call on the 300-baud modem if any of the faster modems are free. You want to use the highest-performance modems first, and the slowest modems last.
In the following example, interface async 3 will be used after interfaces with higher priority and before interfaces with lower priority:
interface async 3 dialer priority 5
interface dialer
dialer rotary-group
To specify, for a dialer interface, the authentication name of the remote router on the destination subnetwork, use the dialer remote-name interface configuration command.
dialer remote-name username| username | Case-sensitive character string identifying the remote device; maximum length is 255 characters. |
Disabled. No default username is specified.
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 11.2.
This command applies only to dialer interfaces.
When using CHAP or PAP authentication, username is the name of the remote device that is authenticating.
dialer remote-name dallas
A dagger (+) indicates that the command is documented outside this chapter.
ppp authentication chap +
ppp authentication pap +
To include a specified interface in a dialer rotary group, use the dialer rotary-group interface configuration command.
dialer rotary-group number| number | Number of the previously defined dialer interface in whose rotary group this interface is to be included. This is a number from 0 to 255. The dialer interface is defined by the interface dialer command. |
No interfaces are included in a dialer rotary group.
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
The following example places asynchronous interfaces 1 and 2 into dialer rotary group 1, defined by the interface dialer 1 command:
hostname central-site
! PPP encapsulation is enabled for interface dialer 1.
interface dialer 1
encapsulation ppp
dialer in-band
ip address 131.108.2.1 255.255.255.0
ip address 131.126.4.1 255.255.255.0 secondary
! The first dialer map command allows the central site and remote site YYY
! and to call each other and allows the central site to authenticate site YYY
! when it calls in. The second dialer map command, with no! dialer string,
! allows the central site to authenticate remote site ZZZ when it calls in, but
! the central site cannot call remote site ZZZ (no phone number).
dialer map ip 131.108.2.5 name YYY 14155553434
dialer map ip 131.126.4.5 name ZZZ
! The DTR pulse signals for three seconds on the interfaces in dialer
! group 1. This holds the DTR low so the modem can recognize that DTR has been
! dropped.
pulse-time 3
! Interfaces async 1 and async 2 are placed in dialer rotary group 1.
! All of the interface configuration commands (the encapsulation and dialer
! map commands shown earlier in this example) applied to interface
! dialer 1 apply to the physical interfaces assigned to the dialer group.
interface async 1
dialer rotary-group 1
interface async 2
dialer rotary-group 1
To specify the method for identifying the outbound line to be used for ISDN or asynchronous DDR calls, use the dialer rotor interface configuration command.
dialer rotor {priority | best}| priority | Selects the first outbound line with the highest priority; this is the selection criterion that was previously used. |
| best | Selects the outbound line with the most recent success. If that line also has the most recent failure, then it will try the line with the least recent failure. If that line also has the most recent failure, it will then try an as-of-yet untried outbound line. |
Disabled
Interface Configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
This command allows the router to skip outbound ISDN BRI and asynchronous lines that have problems. This command would not be useful for ISDN PRI, unless your local telephone service provider has problems keeping your lines properly configured.
To specify the string (telephone number) to be used when placing a call from an interface, use the dialer string interface configuration command. To delete the telephone number specified for the interface, use the no form of this command.
dialer string dial-string [class class-name]| dial-string | Telephone number to be sent to a DCE device. |
| class class-name | (Optional) Dialer map class associated with this telephone number. |
No telephone numbers and class names are predefined.
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 11.2.
When you use dialer profiles for DDR, use the dialer string class form of this command to define a map class for a dialer profile.
Dialer profiles make it unnecessary to use dialer maps to configure DDR.
dialer string 4159991234 class sf
dialer remote-name
interface dialer
To specify the string (telephone number) to be called for interfaces calling a single site, use the dialer string interface configuration command. To delete the dialer string specified for the interface, use the no form of this command.
dialer string dial-string[:isdn-subaddress]| dial-string | String of characters to be sent to a DCE device. |
| :isdn-subaddress | (Optional) ISDN subaddress. |
No strings are predefined.
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
To use this command on an asynchronous interface, you must define a modem chat script for the associated line by using the script dialer command. A script must be used to implement dialing.
Dialers configured as in-band pass the string to the external dialing device. Specify one dialer string command per interface.
To specify multiple strings, use the dialer map command. In general, you include a dialer string or dialer map command if you intend to use a specific interface to initiate a DDR call.
The string of characters specified for the dial-string argument is the default number used under the following conditions:
On synchronous interfaces, depending on the type of modem you are using, International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication (ITU-T) Standardization Sector V.25bis options might be supported as dial-string parameters of the dialer string command. Supported options are listed in Table 12. The functions of the parameters are nation specific, and they may have different implementations in your country. These options apply only if you have enabled DDR with the dialer in-band command. Refer to the operation manual for your modem for a list of supported options.
| Option | Description |
|---|---|
| : | Wait tone. |
| < | Pause.
Usage and duration of this parameter vary by country. |
| = | Separator 3.
For national use. |
| > | Separator 4.
For national use. |
| P | Dialing to be continued in pulse mode.
Optionally accepted parameter. |
| T | Tone. Dialing to be continued in Dual Tone Multifrequency (DTMF) mode.
Optionally accepted parameter. |
| & | Flash. (The flash duration varies by country.)
Optionally accepted parameter. |
The following example specifies a DDR telephone number to be tone-dialed on interface async 1 using the dialer string command:
interface async 1 dialer string T14085553434
dialer-group
dialer in-band
dialer map
script dialer
To specify the length of time the interface waits for a carrier, use the dialer wait-for-carrier-time interface configuration command. To reset the carrier wait time value to the default, use the no form of this command.
dialer wait-for-carrier-time seconds| seconds | Number of seconds that the interface waits for the carrier to come up when a call is placed. Acceptable values are positive, nonzero integers. |
30 seconds
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
On asynchronous interfaces, the dialer wait-for-carrier-time command sets the total time allowed for the chat script to run.
If a carrier signal is not detected in this amount of time, the interface is disabled until the enable timeout occurs (configured with the dialer enable-timeout command).
The following example specifies a carrier wait time of 45 seconds on interface async 1:
interface async 1 dialer wait-for-carrier-time 45
To specify the length of time to wait for a carrier when dialing out to the dial string associated with a specified map class, use the dialer wait-for-carrier-time map-class dialer configuration command. To reset the carrier wait time value to the default, use the no form of this command.
dialer wait-for-carrier-time seconds| seconds | Number of seconds that the interface waits for the carrier to come up when a call is placed. Acceptable values are positive, nonzero integers. |
30 seconds
Map-class dialer configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
You can define different dialer map classes with different wait-for-carrier times to suit the different types of lines and interfaces. For example, you must define a longer wait time for a map class used by serial interfaces than for one used by ISDN interfaces.
The following example specifies a carrier wait time of 20 seconds for the Eng class on the Dialer2 interface:
interface Dialer2 ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0 encapsulation ppp dialer remote-name Mediumuser dialer string 5264540 class Eng dialer wait-for-carrier-time 20 dialer load-threshold 50 either dialer pool 1 dialer-group 2
dialer string (dialer profiles)
To define a dialer rotary group, use the interface dialer global configuration command.
interface dialer number| number | Number of the dialer rotary group. It can be number in the range 0 through 255. |
No dialer rotary groups are predefined.
Global configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
Dialer rotary groups allow you to apply a single interface configuration to a set of physical interfaces. This allows a group of interfaces to be used as a pool of interfaces for calling many destinations.
Once the interface configuration is propagated to a set of interfaces, those interfaces can be used to place calls using the standard DDR criteria. When multiple destinations are configured, any of these interfaces can be used for outgoing calls.
Dialer rotary groups are useful in environments that require multiple calling destinations. Only the rotary group needs to be configured with the dialer map commands. The only configuration required for the interfaces is the dialer rotary-group command indicating that each interface is part of a dialer rotary group.
Although a dialer rotary group is configured as an interface, it is not a physical interface. Instead, it represents a group of interfaces. Interface configuration commands entered after the interface dialer command will be applied to all physical interfaces assigned to specified rotary groups. Individual interfaces in a dialer rotary group do not have individual addresses. The dialer interface has a protocol address, and that address is used by all interfaces in the dialer rotary group.
The following example identifies interface dialer 1 as the dialer rotary group leader. Interface dialer 1 is not a physical interface, but represents a group of interfaces. The interface configuration commands that follow apply to all interfaces included in this group.
interface dialer 1
encapsulation ppp
authentication chap
dialer in-band
ip address 1.2.3.4
dialer map ip 1.2.2.5 name YYY 14155553434
dialer map ip 1.3.2.6 name ZZZ
To define a class of shared configuration parameters associated with the dialer map command, use the map-class dialer global configuration command.
map-class dialer classname| classname | Unique class identifier. |
Disabled; no class name is provided.
Global configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 11.1.
The classname must be the same as the classname in the dialer map command.
map-class dialer hawaii
To specify a default modem chat script, use the script dialer line configuration command. Use the no form of this command to disable this feature.
script dialer regexp| regexp | Specifies the set of modem scripts that might be executed. The first script that matches the argument regexp will be used. |
No chat script is defined.
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.3.
This command is used by DDR modules to provide modem dialing commands and commands to log in to remote systems.
The argument regexp is used to specify the name of the modem script that is to be executed. The first script that matches the argument in this command and the dialer map command will be used. For more information about regular expressions, refer to the "Regular Expressions" appendix in the Access Services Command Reference.
If you adhere to the naming convention recommended for chat scripts (see the chat-script command), the modem lines (the argument regexp in the script dialer command) will be set to one of the following regular expressions to match patterns, depending on the kind of modem you have:
In the dialer map command, you can specify the modulation but leave the type of modem unspecified, as in .*-v32bis.
The following example shows line chat scripts being specified for lines connected to Telebit and US Robotics modems:
! Some lines have telebit modems line 1 6 dialer script telebit.* ! ! Some lines have US robotics modems line 7 12 dialer script usr.*
A dagger (+) indicates that the command is documented outside this chapter.
chat-script
dialer map modem-script system-script
dialer map name modem-script system-script
script activation +
script connection +
script reset +
script startup +
start-chat +
To display general diagnostic information for interfaces configured for DDR, use the show dialer EXEC command.
show dialer [interface type number]| interface | (Optional) Displays information for the interface specified by the arguments type and number. |
| type | (Optional) Interface type. |
| number | (Optional) Interface number. |
EXEC
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
If you enter the show dialer interface command for the D channel of an ISDN BRI or PRI, the command output also displays the B channels. That is, the command show dialer interface bri 0 displays information of interfaces bri 0, bri 0:1, and bri 0:2. The command show dialer interface serial 0:23 (for a channelized T1 line configured for ISDN PRI) displays information for serial interfaces 0:23, 0:0, 0:1, and so forth to 0:22.
If you have defined a dialer group that consists of the interfaces serial 0, serial 1, and bri 2, the command show dialer interface dialer 1 displays information for interfaces bri 0, bri 0:1, bri 0:2, serial 1, and serial 0.
The following is sample output from the show dialer command for a BRI interface when dialer profiles are configured:
impulse# show dialer interface bri 0
BRI0 - dialer type = ISDN
Dial String Successes Failures Last called Last status
0 incoming call(s) have been screened.
BRI0: B-Channel 1
Idle timer (120 secs), Fast idle timer (20 secs)
Wait for carrier (30 secs), Re-enable (15 secs)
Dialer state is data link layer up
Dial reason: ip (s=6.1.1.8, d=6.1.1.1)
Interface bound to profile Dialer0
Time until disconnect 102 secs
Current call connected 00:00:19
Connected to 5773872 (wolfman)
BRI0: B-Channel 2
Idle timer (120 secs), Fast idle timer (20 secs)
Wait for carrier (30 secs), Re-enable (15 secs)
Dialer state is idle
Table 13 describes significant fields shown in the display.
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
| BRI0 - dialer type = ISDN | ISDN dialer. |
| Dial string | Dial strings of logged calls (telephone numbers). On ISDN BRI interfaces, if you have specified a subaddress number in the dialer string, this number is included in the dial string after a colon. |
| Successes | Successful connections (even if no data is passed). |
| Failures | Failed connections; call not successfully completed. |
| Last called | Time that last call occurred to specific dial string. |
| Last status | Status of last call to specific dial string (successful or failed). |
| 0 incoming call(s) have been screened. | Number of calls subjected to Dialer Profiles screening to determine how the call is to be treated. |
| BRI0: B-Channel 1 | Header indicating the following data is for B channel 1. |
| Idle timer (120 secs), Fast idle timer (20 secs) | Settings (in seconds )for the idle timer and the fast idle timer. |
| Wait for carrier (30 secs), Re-enable (15 secs) | Settings (in seconds )for the wait for carrier timer and the reenable timer. |
| Dialer state is data link layer up | The message "data link layer up" suggests that the dialer came up properly; if it says anything else then dialer did not come up properly. The message "physical layer up" means the line protocol (LCP) came up, but the NCP did not come up. The show interfaces command also provides the similar information. |
| Dial reason: ip (s=6.1.1.8, d=6.1.1.1) | What initiated the dial, namely an IP packet, plus source and destination address in the packet. |
| Interface bound to profile Dialer0 | Dialer profile that is bound to this interface or B channel. |
| Time until disconnect | Time until line is configured to disconnect. |
| Current call connected | Time at which the current call was connected. |
| Connected to | Dial string to which line is currently connected. |
The following is sample output from the show dialer command for an asynchronous interface:
Router# show dialer interface async 1
Async1 - dialer type = IN-BAND NO-PARITY
Idle timer (900 secs), Fast idle timer (20 secs)
Wait for carrier (30 secs), Re-enable (15 secs)
Time until disconnect 838 secs
Current call connected 0:02:16
Connected to 8986
Dial String Successes Failures Last called Last status
8986 0 0 never Default
8986 8 3 0:02:16 Success Default
Table 14 describes significant fields shown in the display.
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
| Async 1 | Name of an asynchronous interface. |
| dialer type = IN-BAND | Indicates that DDR is enabled. |
| Idle timer (900 secs) | Idle timeout specification (in seconds). |
| Fast idle timer (20 secs) | Fast idle timer specification (in seconds). |
| Wait for carrier (30 secs) | Wait for carrier timer specification (in seconds). |
| Re-enable (15 secs) | Enable timeout specification (in seconds). |
| Time until disconnected | Time until line is configured to disconnect. |
| Current call connected | Time at which the current call was connected. |
| Connected to | Dial string to which line is currently connected. |
| Dial string | Dial strings of logged calls (telephone numbers). On ISDN BRI interfaces, if you have specified a subaddress number in the dialer string or dialer map command, this number is included in the dial string after a colon. |
| Successes | Successful connections (even if no data is passed). |
| Failures | Failed connections; call not successfully completed. |
| Last called | Time that last call occurred to specific dial string. |
| Last status | Status of last call to specific dial string (successful or failed). |
| Default | If the DDR facility is using the dial string specified with the dialer string command, the word Default is appended to the Last status entry. |
When the show dialer EXEC command is issued for a synchronous serial interface configured for DTR dialing, output similar to the following is displayed:
Serial 0 - dialer type = DTR SYNC Idle timer (120 secs), Fst idle timer (20 secs) Wait for carrier (30 secs), Re-enable (15 secs) Dial String Successes Failures Last called Last status ---- 1 0 1:04:47 Success DTR dialer 8986 0 0 never Default
Table 14 describes additional fields shown in the display.
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
| DTR SYNC | Indicates that DDR is enabled and that DTR dialing is enabled on this synchronous interface. |
| Last status: Success | Indicates that the last call was successful and that DTR dialing was used. |
| DTR dialer | Phrase appended to the Last status entry to indicate that this is a DTR dialer. |
If an interface is connected to a destination, a display is provided that indicates the idle time before the line is disconnected. (The value decrements each second.) Then the duration of the current connection is shown. The following shows an example of this display; it appears after the third line in the show dialer display:
Time until disconnect 596 secs Current call connected 0:00:25
After a call disconnects, the system displays the time remaining before being it can dial again. The following is an example of this display; it appears after the third line in the show dialer display:
Time until interface enabled 8 secs
If the show dialer command is issued for an interface on which DDR is not enabled, the system displays an error message. The following is a sample error message:
Async 1 - Dialing not enabled on this interface.
If an interface is configured for DDR, the show interfaces command displays the following message:
Async1 is up, line protocol is up (spoofing) Hardware is Async Serial
The word spoofing indicates that the line really is not up, but the dialer is forcing the line to masquerade as "up" so that upper level protocols will continue to operate as expected. Spoofing is a state added to allow DDR to work. The interface "dials on demand" in response to packets being routed to it. But because no packets are routed to down interfaces, the interface must pretend to be up (spoof) so packets will be routed to it when it is not connected. Spoofing is the normal idle state on a dial-on-demand interface.
If caller ID screening is configured on an ISDN BRI, the show dialer command display includes a line similar to the following:
1 incoming call(s) have been screened.
This line reports the number of calls that have been screened.
To display snapshot routing parameters associated with an interface, use the show snapshot EXEC command.
show snapshot [type number]| type number | (Optional) Interface type and number. |
EXEC
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.3.
The following is sample output from the show snapshot command:
Router# show snapshot serial 1
Serial1 is up, line protocol is up, snapshot up
Options: dialer support
Length of each activation period: 3 minutes
Period between activations: 10 minutes
Retry period on connect failure: 10
For dialer address 240
Current queue: active, remaining active time: 3 minutes
Updates received this cycle: ip, ipx, appletalk
For dialer address 1
Current queue: client quiet, time until next activation: 7 minutes
Table 16 describes the fields shown in the display.
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
| Serial1 is up, line protocol is up | Indicates whether the interface hardware is currently active (whether carrier detect is present) and if it has been taken down by an administrator. |
| snapshot up | Indicates whether the snapshot protocol is enabled on the interface. |
| Options: | Option configured on the snapshot client or snapshot server interface configuration command. It can be one of the following:
|
|
Length of each activation period | Length of the active period. |
| Period between activations | Length of the quiet period. |
| Retry period on connect failure | Length of the retry period. |
| For dialer address | Displays information about each dialer rotary group configured with the dialer map command. |
| Current queue: | Indicates which period snapshot routing is currently in. It can be one of the following:
|
|
remaining active time | Time remaining in the current period. |
| Updates received this cycle | Protocols from which routing updates have been received in the current active period. This line is displayed only if the router or access server is in an active period. |
To configure a client router for snapshot routing, use the snapshot client interface configuration command. To disable a client router, use the no form of this command.
snapshot client active-time quiet-time [suppress-statechange-updates] [dialer]| active-time | Amount of time, in minutes, that routing updates are regularly exchanged between the client and server routers. This can be an integer in the range 5 to 100. There is no default value. A typical value is 5 minutes. |
| quiet-time | Amount of time, in minutes, that routing entries are frozen and remain unchanged between active periods. Routes are not aged during the quiet period, so they remain in the routing table as if they were static entries. This argument can be an integer from 8 to 100000. There is no default value. The minimum quiet time is generally the active time plus 3. |
| suppress-statechange-updates | (Optional) Disables the exchange of routing updates each time the line protocol goes from "down" to "up" or from "dialer spoofing" to "fully up." |
| dialer | (Optional) Used if the client router has to dial up the remote router in the absence of regular traffic. |
Snapshot routing is disabled.
The active-time and quiet-time arguments have no default values.
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.3.
The value of the active-time argument must be the same for the client and server routers.
To specify the remote server routers to be called by this client router during each active period, use the dialer map snapshot command.
The following example configures a client router for snapshot routing:
interface dialer 1 snapshot client 5 600 suppress-statechange-updates dialer
clear snapshot quiet-time
dialer map snapshot
show snapshot
snapshot server
To configure a server router for snapshot routing, use the snapshot server interface configuration command. To disable a server router, use the no form of this command.
snapshot server active-time [dialer]| active-time | Amount of time, in minutes, that routing updates are regularly exchanged between the client and server routers. This can be an integer in the range 5 to 100. There is no default value. A typical value is 5 minutes. |
| dialer | (Optional) Allows the client router to dial up the remote router in the absence of regular traffic. |
Snapshot routing is disabled.
The active-time argument has no default value.
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.3.
The value of the active-time argument must be the same for the client and server routers.
The following example configures a server router for snapshot routing:
interface dialer 1 snapshot server 5
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