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This chapter lists commands for the Dialer Profiles implementation of dial-on-demand routing (DDR), explains the command syntax, and provides usage guidelines. For information about configuring Dialer Profiles DDR and for configuration examples, refer to the "Configuring Peer-to-Peer DDR with Dialer Profiles" chapter in the Dial Solutions Configuration Guide.
To specify the fast idle timer value to use when placing a call to any telephone number associated with a specified class, use the dialer fast-idle map-class dialer configuration command. To reset the dialer fast-idle timer to the default, use the no form of this command.
dialer fast-idle seconds| seconds | Number of seconds to wait before placing a different call. |
Defaults to the fast idle timer value set for the interface.
Map-class dialer
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
The dialer string class command defines the map class associated with the dial string and interface.
This fast idle timer is associated only with the map class, not the entire interface.
dialer string 4156884540 class Eng ! This map-class ensures that these calls use an ISDN speed of 56 kbps and a ! fast-idle time of 10 seconds. map-class dialer Eng isdn speed 56 dialer fast-idle 10 dialer wait-for-carrier-time 30
You can use the master indexes or search online to find documentation of related commands.
dialer fast-idle (interface)
dialer string (dialer profiles)
map-class dialer
To control access by configuring an interface to belong to a specific dialing group, use the dialer-group interface configuration command. To remove an interface from the specified dialer access group, use the no form of this command.
dialer-group group-number| group-number | Number of the dialer access group to which the specific interface belongs. This access group is defined with the dialer-list command. Acceptable values are nonzero, positive integers between 1 and 10. |
No access is predefined.
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
An interface can be associated with a single dialer access group only; multiple dialer-group assignment is not allowed. A second dialer access group assignment will override the first. A dialer access group is defined with the dialer-group command. The dialer-list command associates an access list with a dialer access group.
Packets that match the dialer group specified trigger a connection request.
The following example specifies dialer access group number 1.
The destination address of the packet is evaluated against the access list specified in the associated dialer-list command. If it passes, either a call is initiated (if no connection has already been established) or the idle timer is reset (if a call is currently connected).
interface async 1 dialer-group 1 access-list 101 deny igrp 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 access-list 101 permit ip 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 dialer-list 1 list 101
To specify the idle time before the calls in this map class are disconnected, use the dialer idle-timeout map-class dialer configuration command. To reset the idle timeout to the default, use the no form of this command.
dialer idle-timeout seconds| seconds | Idle time, in seconds, that must occur on an interface associated with a map class before calls are disconnected. Acceptable values are positive, nonzero integers. |
Defaults to a value set for the interface.
Map-class configuration
The dialer string class command defines the map class associated with the dial string and interface.
The following example sets a dialer idle-timeout interval of 180 seconds:
dialer idle-timeout 180
You can use the master indexes or search online to find documentation of related commands.
dialer string (dialer profiles)
To specify the bit rate used on the B channel associated with a specified map class and to specify whether to set up semipermanent connections for this map class, use the dialer isdn map-class configuration command.
dialer isdn [speed speed] [spc]| speed speed | (Optional) Bit rate, in kilobytes per second (kbps), used on the ISDN B channel. Values are 56 and 64. Default is 64. |
| spc | (Optional) Specifies that an ISDN semipermanent connection is to be used for calls associated with this map class. |
Bit rate is 64 Kbps. Semipermanent connections are not set up.
Map-class dialer configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 11.2.
This command is valid for ISDN interfaces only.
The following example configures a speed of 56 kbps and no semipermanent connections for the Eng map class:
dialer string 4156884540 class Eng ! This map-class ensures that these calls use an ISDN speed of 56 kbps and that ! no semipermanent connection is set up. map-class dialer Eng dialer isdn speed 56
You can use the master indexes or search online to find documentation of related commands.
dialer string (dialer profiles)
To define a DDR dialer list to control dialing by protocol or by a combination of protocol and access list, use the dialer-list protocol global configuration command. To delete a dialer list, use the no form of this command.
dialer-list dialer-group protocol protocol-name {permit | deny | list access-list-number || dialer-group | Number of a dialer access group identified in any dialer-group interface configuration command. |
| protocol-name | One of the following protocol keywords: appletalk, bridge, clns, clns_es, clns_is, decnet, decnet_router-L1, decnet_router-L2, decnet_node, ip, ipx, vines, or xns. |
| permit | Permits access to an entire protocol. |
| deny | Denies access to an entire protocol. |
| list | Specifies that an access list will be used for defining a granularity finer than an entire protocol. |
| access-list-number | Access list numbers specified in any DECnet, Banyan VINES, IP, Novell IPX, or XNS standard or extended access lists, including Novell IPX extended service access point (SAP) access lists and bridging types. See Table 111 for the supported access list types and numbers. |
| access-group | Filter list name used in the clns filter-set and clns access-group commands. |
No dialer lists are defined.
Global configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0. The list keyword and access-list-number and access-group arguments first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.3.
The various no forms of this command have the following effects:
The dialer-list protocol form of this command permits or denies access to an entire protocol. The dialer-list protocol list form of this command provides a finer permission granularity and also supports protocols that were not previously supported.
The dialer-list protocol list form of this command applies protocol access lists to dialer access groups to control dialing using DDR. The dialer access groups are defined with the dialer-group command.
Although the dialer-list list command is still supported for IP, IPX, DECnet, AppleTalk, XNS, and bridging, the new dialer-list protocol list command should be used for all protocols. The dialer-list protocol list command is supported for all those protocols and also for Banyan VINES and International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Connectionless Network Service (CLNS).
Table 111 lists the access list types and numbers that the dialer-list protocol list command supports. The table does not include ISO CLNS because that protocol uses filter names instead of predefined access list numbers.
| Access List Type | Access List Number Range (decimal) |
|---|---|
| AppleTalk | 600-699 |
| Banyan VINES (standard) | 1-100 |
| Banyan VINES (extended) | 101-200 |
| DECnet | 300-399 |
| IP (standard) | 1-99 |
| IP (extended) | 100-199 |
| Novell IPX (standard) | 800-899 |
| Novell IPX (extended) | 900-999 |
| Transparent Bridging | 200-299 |
| XNS | 500-599 |
Dialing occurs when an interesting packet (one that matches access list specifications) needs to be output on an interface. Using the standard access list method, packets can be classified as interesting or uninteresting. In the following example, IGRP TCP/IP routing protocol updates are not classified as interesting and do not initiate calls:
access-list 101 deny igrp 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0
The following example classifies all other IP packets as interesting and permits them to initiate calls:
access-list 101 permit ip 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255
Then the following command places list 101 into dialer access group 1:
dialer-list 1 protocol ip list 101
In the following example, DECnet access lists allow any DECnet packets with source area 10 and destination area 20 to trigger calls:
access-list 301 permit 10.0 0.1023 10.0 0.1023 access-list 301 permit 10.0 0.1023 20.0 0.1023
Then the following command places list 301 into dialer access group 1:
dialer-list 1 protocol decnet list 301
In the following example, both IP and VINES access lists are defined. The IP access lists define IGRP packets as uninteresting, but permits all other IP packets to trigger calls. The VINES access lists do not allow Routing Table Protocol (RTP) routing updates to trigger calls, but allow any other data packets to trigger calls.
access-list 101 deny igrp 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 access-list 101 permit ip 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 ! vines access-list 107 deny RTP 00000000:0000 FFFFFFFF:FFFF 00000000:0000 FFFFFFFF:FFFF vines access-list 107 permit IP 00000000:0000 FFFFFFFF:FFFF 00000000:0000 FFFFFFFF:FFFF
Then the following two commands place the IP and VINES access lists into dialer access group 1:
dialer-list 1 protocol ip list 101 dialer-list 1 protocol vines list 107
In the following example, a Connectionless Network Service (CLNS) filter is defined and then the filter is placed in dialer access group 1:
clns filter-set ddrline permit 47.0004.0001.... ! dialer-list 1 protocol clns list ddrline
You can use the master indexes or search online to find documentation of related commands.
access-list
clns filter-set
dialer-group
vines access-list
To specify, for a dialer profile, the maximum number of links to a remote destination that can be up at any one time, use the dialer max-link interface configuration command.
dialer max-link number| number | Maximum number of links, in the range 1 through 255. Default is 255 links. |
255 links
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 11.2.
This command applies to dialer interfaces only.
This command is used mainly to set the maximum number of links below the maximum possible.
The following example sets a maximum of six links:
dialer max-link 6
You can use the master indexes or search online to find documentation of related commands.
dialer isdn
dialer string (dialer profiles)
To specify, for a dialer interface, which dialing pool to use to connect to a specific destination subnetwork, use the dialer pool interface configuration command.
dialer pool number| number | Dialing pool number, in the range 1 through 255. |
Disabled. No default number is specified.
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 11.2.
This command applies to dialer interfaces only.
The following example shows a dialer interface configuration that is linked to the physical interface configuration shown for BRI 1 in the dialer pool-member command section. Dialer interface 1 uses dialer pool 3, of which BRI 1 is a member.
! This is a dialer profile for reaching remote subnetwork 1.1.1.1. interface Dialer1 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 encapsulation ppp dialer remote-name Smalluser dialer string 4540 dialer pool 3 dialer-group 1
The following example might accompany the previous dialer profile configuration example. Physical interface BRI 1 has a reserved channel in dialer pool 3. That channel is inactive until BRI 1 uses it to place calls.
interface BRI1 encapsulation ppp dialer pool-member 1 priority 50 dialer pool-member 2 priority 50 !BRI 1 has a reserved channel in dialer pool 3; the channel remains inactive !until BRI 1 uses it to place calls. dialer pool-member 3 min-link 1 ppp authentication chap
You can use the master indexes or search online to find documentation of related commands.
dialer pool-member
dialer remote-name
To configure a physical interface to be a member of a Dialer Profiles dialing pool, use the dialer pool-member interface configuration command.
dialer pool-member number [priority priority] [min-link minimum] [max-link maximum]Disabled. When enabled, no default dialing pool number is assigned; the default value of priority, and minimum is 0; the default value of maximum is 255.
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 11.2.
This command applies to asynchronous serial, synchronous serial, BRI, and PRI physical interfaces only. It does not apply to dialer interfaces.
The common number used in the dialer pool command and in the dialer pool-member command links the physical interface and dialer interface configurations together.
The min-link keyword and value are used primarily for dial backup.
This following example shows the configuration of one ISDN BRI interface to be a member of dialer pool 2 with priority 100:
interface BRI2 encapsulation ppp dialer pool-member 2 priority 100 ppp authentication chap
In the following example, BRI physical interface configuration BRI 1 has a reserved channel in dialer pool 3. That channel is inactive until BRI 1 uses it to place calls.
interface BRI1 encapsulation ppp dialer pool-member 1 priority 50 dialer pool-member 2 priority 50 !BRI 1 has a reserved channel in dialer pool 3; the channel remains inactive !until BRI 1 uses it to place calls. dialer pool-member 3 min-link 1 ppp authentication chap
You can use the master indexes or search online to find documentation of related commands.
To specify, for a dialer interface, the authentication name of the remote router on the destination subnetwork, use the dialer remote-name interface configuration command.
dialer remote-name username| username | Case-sensitive character string identifying the remote device; maximum length is 255 characters. |
Disabled. No default username is specified.
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 11.2.
This command applies only to dialer interfaces.
When using CHAP or PAP authentication, username is the name of the remote device that is authenticating.
The following partial example sets the name of the remote host to dallas.
dialer remote-name dallas
You can use the master indexes or search online to find documentation of related commands.
ppp authentication chap
ppp authentication pap
To specify the string (telephone number) to be used when placing a call from an interface, use the dialer string interface configuration command. To delete the telephone number specified for the interface, use the no form of this command.
dialer string dial-string [class class-name]| dial-string | Telephone number to be sent to a DCE device. |
| class class-name | (Optional) Dialer map class associated with this telephone number. |
No telephone numbers and class names are predefined.
Interface configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 11.2.
When you use Dialer Profiles for DDR, use the dialer string class form of this command to define a map class for a specific dialer profile.
Dialer Profiles make it unnecessary to use dialer maps to configure DDR.
The following example specifies that the dial string 4159991234 be used in calls to destinations defined by the map class sf:
dialer string 4159991234 class sf
You can use the master indexes or search online to find documentation of related commands.
dialer remote-name
interface dialer
To specify the length of time to wait for a carrier when dialing out to the dial string associated with a specified map class, use the dialer wait-for-carrier-time map-class dialer configuration command. To reset the carrier wait time value to the default, use the no form of this command.
dialer wait-for-carrier-time seconds| seconds | Number of seconds that the interface waits for the carrier to come up when a call is placed. Acceptable values are positive, nonzero integers. The default is 30 seconds. |
30 seconds
Map-class dialer configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
You can define different dialer map classes with different wait-for-carrier times to suit the different types of lines and interfaces. For example, you must define a longer wait time for a map class used by serial interfaces than for one used by ISDN interfaces.
The following example specifies a carrier wait time of 20 seconds for the Eng class on the Dialer2 interface:
interface Dialer2 ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0 encapsulation ppp dialer remote-name Mediumuser dialer string 5264540 class Eng dialer wait-for-carrier-time 20 dialer load-threshold 50 either dialer pool 1 dialer-group 2
You can use the master indexes or search online to find documentation of related commands.
dialer string (dialer profiles)
To define a dialer rotary group, use the interface dialer global configuration command.
interface dialer number| number | Number of the dialer rotary group. It can be number in the range 0 through 255. |
No dialer rotary groups are predefined.
Global configuration
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
Dialer rotary groups allow you to apply a single interface configuration to a set of physical interfaces. This allows a group of interfaces to be used as a pool of interfaces for calling many destinations.
Once the interface configuration is propagated to a set of interfaces, those interfaces can be used to place calls using the standard DDR criteria. When multiple destinations are configured, any of these interfaces can be used for outgoing calls.
Dialer rotary groups are useful in environments that require multiple calling destinations. Only the rotary group needs to be configured with the dialer map commands. The only configuration required for the interfaces is the dialer rotary-group command indicating that each interface is part of a dialer rotary group.
Although a dialer rotary group is configured as an interface, it is not a physical interface. Instead, it represents a group of interfaces. Interface configuration commands entered after the interface dialer command will be applied to all physical interfaces assigned to specified rotary groups. Individual interfaces in a dialer rotary group do not have individual addresses. The dialer interface has a protocol address, and that address is used by all interfaces in the dialer rotary group.
The following example identifies interface dialer 1 as the dialer rotary group leader. Interface dialer 1 is not a physical interface, but represents a group of interfaces. The interface configuration commands that follow apply to all interfaces included in this group.
interface dialer 1
encapsulation ppp
authentication chap
dialer in-band
ip address 1.2.3.4
dialer map ip 1.2.2.5 name YYY 14155553434
dialer map ip 1.3.2.6 name ZZZ
To define a class of shared configuration parameters associated with the dialer map command, use the map-class dialer global configuration command.
map-class dialer classname| classname | Unique class identifier. |
Disabled; no class name is provided.
Global configuration
The classname must be the same as the classname in the dialer map command.
The following example configures a map class called "hawaii" and sets an ISDN speed of 56 kbps for the class.
map-class dialer hawaii isdn speed 56
You can use the master indexes or search online to find documentation of related commands.
dialer map
| interface | (Optional) Displays information for the interface specified by the arguments type and number. |
| type | (Optional) Interface type. |
| number | (Optional) Interface number. |
EXEC
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 10.0.
If you enter the show dialer interface command for the D channel of an ISDN BRI or PRI, the command output also displays the B channels. That is, the command show dialer interface bri 0 displays information of interfaces bri 0, bri 0:1, and bri 0:2. The command show dialer interface serial 0:23 (for a channelized T1 line configured for ISDN PRI) displays information for serial interfaces 0:23, 0:0, 0:1, and so forth to 0:22.
If you have defined a dialer group that consists of the interfaces serial 0, serial 1, and bri 2, the command show dialer interface dialer 1 displays information for interfaces bri 0, bri 0:1, bri 0:2, serial 1, and serial 0.
The following is sample output from the show dialer command for a BRI interface when dialer profiles are configured:
impulse# show dialer interface bri 0
BRI0 - dialer type = ISDN
Dial String Successes Failures Last called Last status
0 incoming call(s) have been screened.
BRI0: B-Channel 1
Idle timer (120 secs), Fast idle timer (20 secs)
Wait for carrier (30 secs), Re-enable (15 secs)
Dialer state is data link layer up
Dial reason: ip (s=6.1.1.8, d=6.1.1.1)
Interface bound to profile Dialer0
Time until disconnect 102 secs
Current call connected 00:00:19
Connected to 5773872 (wolfman)
BRI0: B-Channel 2
Idle timer (120 secs), Fast idle timer (20 secs)
Wait for carrier (30 secs), Re-enable (15 secs)
Dialer state is idle
Table 112 describes significant fields shown in the display.
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
| BRI0 - dialer type = ISDN | ISDN dialer. |
| Dial String | Dial strings of logged calls (telephone numbers). On ISDN BRI interfaces, if you have specified a subaddress number in the dialer string, this number is included in the dial string after a colon. |
| Successes | Successful connections (even if no data is passed). |
| Failures | Failed connections; call not successfully completed. |
| Last called | Time that last call occurred to specific dial string. |
| Last status | Status of last call to specific dial string (successful or failed). |
| 0 incoming call(s) have been screened. | Number of calls subjected to Dialer Profiles screening to determine how the call is to be treated. |
| BRI0: B-Channel 1 | Header indicating the following data is for B channel 1. |
| Idle timer (120 secs), Fast idle timer (20 secs) | Settings (in seconds)for the idle timer and the fast idle timer. |
| Wait for carrier (30 secs), Re-enable (15 secs) | Settings (in seconds)for the wait for carrier timer and the reenable timer. |
| Dialer state is data link layer up | The message "data link layer up" suggests that the dialer came up properly; if it says anything else then dialer did not come up properly. The message "physical layer up" means the line protocol (LCP) came up, but the NCP did not come up. The show interfaces command also provides the similar information. |
| Dial reason: ip (s=6.1.1.8, d=6.1.1.1) | What initiated the dial, namely an IP packet, plus source and destination address in the packet. |
| Interface bound to profile Dialer0 | Dialer profile that is bound to this interface or B channel. |
| Time until disconnect | Time until line is configured to disconnect. |
| Current call connected | Time at which the current call was connected. |
| Connected to | Dial string to which line is currently connected. |
The following is sample output from the show dialer command for an asynchronous interface:
Router# show dialer interface async 1
Async1 - dialer type = IN-BAND NO-PARITY
Idle timer (900 secs), Fast idle timer (20 secs)
Wait for carrier (30 secs), Re-enable (15 secs)
Time until disconnect 838 secs
Current call connected 0:02:16
Connected to 8986
Dial String Successes Failures Last called Last status
8986 0 0 never Default
8986 8 3 0:02:16 Success Default
Table 113 describes significant fields shown in the display.
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
| Async 1 | Name of an asynchronous interface. |
| dialer type = IN-BAND | Indicates that DDR is enabled. |
| Idle timer (900 secs) | Idle timeout specification (in seconds). |
| Fast idle timer (20 secs) | Fast idle timer specification (in seconds). |
| Wait for carrier (30 secs) | Wait for carrier timer specification (in seconds). |
| Re-enable (15 secs) | Enable timeout specification (in seconds). |
| Time until disconnected | Time until line is configured to disconnect. |
| Current call connected | Time at which the current call was connected. |
| Connected to | Dial string to which line is currently connected. |
| Dial String | Dial strings of logged calls (telephone numbers). On ISDN BRI interfaces, if you have specified a subaddress number in the dialer string or dialer map command, this number is included in the dial string after a colon. |
| Successes | Successful connections (even if no data is passed). |
| Failures | Failed connections; call not successfully completed. |
| Last called | Time that last call occurred to specific dial string. |
| Last status | Status of last call to specific dial string (successful or failed). |
| Default | If the DDR facility is using the dial string specified with the dialer string command, the word Default is appended to the Last status entry. |
Serial 0 - dialer type = DTR SYNC Idle timer (120 secs), Fst idle timer (20 secs) Wait for carrier (30 secs), Re-enable (15 secs) Dial String Successes Failures Last called Last status ---- 1 0 1:04:47 Success DTR dialer 8986 0 0 never Default
Table 114 describes additional fields shown in the display.
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
| DTR SYNC | Indicates that DDR is enabled and that DTR dialing is enabled on this synchronous interface. |
| Last status: Success | Indicates that the last call was successful and that DTR dialing was used. |
| DTR dialer | Phrase appended to the Last status entry to indicate that this is a DTR dialer. |
If an interface is connected to a destination, a display is provided that indicates the idle time before the line is disconnected. (The value decrements each second.) Then the duration of the current connection is shown. The following shows an example of this display; it appears after the third line in the show dialer display:
Time until disconnect 596 secs Current call connected 0:00:25
After a call disconnects, the system displays the time remaining before being it can dial again. The following is an example of this display; it appears after the third line in the show dialer display:
Time until interface enabled 8 secs
If the show dialer command is issued for an interface on which DDR is not enabled, the system displays an error message. The following is a sample error message:
Async 1 - Dialing not enabled on this interface.
If an interface is configured for DDR, the show interfaces command displays the following message:
Async1 is up, line protocol is up (spoofing) Hardware is Async Serial
The word spoofing indicates that the line really is not up, but the dialer is forcing the line to masquerade as "up" so that upper level protocols will continue to operate as expected. Spoofing is a state added to allow DDR to work. The interface "dials on demand" in response to packets being routed to it. But because no packets are routed to down interfaces, the interface must pretend to be up (spoof) so packets will be routed to it when it is not connected. Spoofing is the normal idle state on a dial-on-demand interface.
If caller ID screening is configured on an ISDN BRI, the show dialer command display includes a line similar to the following:
1 incoming call(s) have been screened.
This line reports the number of calls that have been screened.
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